Lung Cancer

Accurate Diagnosis of Lung Cancer

Your doctor may order tests if lung cancer is suspected. We always start with the least invasive way to rule out other conditions. Hackensack Meridian Health offers the most advanced imaging and laboratory testing. Our expert thoracic radiologists and pathologists specialize in identifying and diagnosing lung cancer.

Lung Cancer Screening

John Theurer Cancer Center is designated as a Lung Cancer Screening Center of Excellence by the Lung Cancer Alliance. We specialize in spiral CT scanning, which can detect many lung cancers in their earlier, more curable stages before you even have symptoms.

Learn more about lung cancer screening and if you are at high risk for lung cancer. Call 844-HMH-WELL (844-464-9355) to make an appointment. Take our complimentary Lung Cancer Risk Assessment.

Imaging

• CT: A CT scan creates detailed, 3D images of the inside of the lung to identify the smallest lesions not seen on X-ray. Sometimes, contrast dye is used to highlight the tumor.
• X-ray: A suspicious area in the lung may appear on an X-ray. However, a CT scan is needed to differentiate a benign nodule from a possible tumor.

Laboratory Testing

• Biomarkers: Your blood and urine may be tested to look for biomarkers or other signs of cancer.  
• Sputum Cytology: If you have a productive cough, a sample can be looked at under a microscope for cancer cells. 

Biopsy

Biopsy is the only way to diagnose lung cancer and determine its type. You’re in good hands with an experienced team using the most advanced technology – including robotic bronchoscopy – at Hackensack Meridian Health.
 
A biopsy may be taken one of several ways:

• Bronchoscopy: The doctor places a thin, lighted scope down the throat and into the lung. The area is examined with a small camera and a tissue sample is removed. This is done under general anesthesia in less than an hour. You go home the same day.   
• Needle biopsy: A needle is passed under image guidance through the chest wall into the lung. A sample of tumor tissue is removed for testing. This is done with local anesthesia in less than an hour. You go home the same day.
• Robotic Bronchoscopy: We’ve taken bronchoscopy to the next level by offering robotic bronchoscopy. The doctor controls the robot’s arm that holds the fiberoptic bronchoscope. The benefits of robotic bronchoscopy include: 
  • Medical team can view the process while the robot holds the tools. 
  • Allows for easier navigation within the lungs. 
  • Greater dexterity and range of motion for hard-to-reach spots. 
  • Advanced camera technology with high-resolution images. 

Genetic Tumor Profiling

Our pathologists who specialize in lung cancer conduct molecular analysis and next-generation sequencing of your biopsy tissue. Through a partnership with Genomic Testing Cooperative in Irvine, Calif., a first-of-its-kind genomic profiling laboratory, we can identify your cancer’s origin, biology and response to the immune system. The resulting genetic tumor profile allows your care team to design a unique treatment plan targeted to your precise type of lung cancer.  

What are the Types and Stages of Lung Cancer?

What are the Types and Stages of Lung Cancer?

We know that not all types of lung cancer respond the same to treatment. That’s why we conduct extensive testing of your lung cancer biopsy. The information we learn – including the type and genetic make-up of your tumor – allows us to create a highly targeted treatment plan for your exact cancer.

Non-Small Cell Lung Cancer

Lung cancers are categorized into one of two major types – small cell or non-small cell lung cancer. About 80 percent of people with lung cancer have non-small cell.

There are three main types of non-small cell lung cancer:

• Adenocarcinoma: Most common type of lung cancer – about 30 percent of all lung cancer. Forms in cells in the outer lung that produce mucus.
• Large-cell Undifferentiated Carcinoma: Can be found anywhere in the lungs and usually grows and spreads quickly. 
• Squamous Cell: Usually found in one of the main air tubes or in the center of the lung where the air tubes join the trachea.

Small Cell Lung Cancer

Lung cancers are categorized into one of two major types – small cell and non-small cell lung cancer. Small cell lung cancer is the less common of the two. This type of lung cancer is seen primarily in heavy smokers and can be more aggressive.

There are two main types of small cell lung cancer:

• Combined Small Cell Carcinoma: Also known as mixed small cell/large cell carcinoma
• Small Cell Carcinoma 

Other Lung Cancers

We treat other kinds of cancers in the lungs and chest, including:

Carcinoid Tumors: Located in a large airway, typically slow growing.
Mesothelioma: Found in the lining of the lungs, typically develops decades after exposure to asbestos.

Stages of Lung Cancer

Once your lung cancer has been diagnosed, it is important to determine its stage. Staging tells us the extent of the cancer and helps your care team recommend the best treatment. 

• Stage I: Cancer is confined to the lung.
• Stage II and III: Cancer has spread to lymph nodes within the chest.
• Stage IV: Cancer has spread to other parts of the body (metastasized).

Tests to determine the stage of your lung cancer may include:

• CT or MRI
• Endobronchial Ultrasound (EBUS): Similar to a bronchoscopy but with an ultrasound.  Biopsies of lymph nodes can be taken. 
• Mediastinoscopy:  Incision is made at the base of the neck and a camera is inserted under the breastbone to take tissue samples of the lymph nodes.
• PET (positron emission tomography)

Leaders in Lung Cancer Treatment

Doctors at Hackensack Meridian Health are leaders in the most advanced approaches to lung cancer treatment.

Learn More

Why Choose John Theurer Cancer Center for Lung and Thoracic Cancer Treatment